Sodium Gluconate is a sodium salt of gluconic acid. (Source) This ingredint is produced when glucose is fermented. Sodium gluconate is water soluble, meaning it can dissolve in water without the need of another chemical. Furthermore S G is non corrosive, non toxic, and biodegradable.
Sodium Gluconate Use
This is an ingredient that is a skin conditioning agent. But it is mostly known as a cleating agent. (Source)
Source:
ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/706067/SODIUM_GLUCONATE/#.WhNVwUqnHIU
jungbunzlauer.com/en/products/gluconates/sodium-gluconate.html